Een nieuwe stem voor stemlozen fysica, biologie en techniek voor een stembandprothese Bart Verkerke Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen
After laryngectomy
Clinical study
Goal of the project Voice-producing prosthesis
SCHEMATIC VIEW OF THE VOCAL SYSTEM Flanagan (1965)
Source-filter theory Vocal folds Resonance cavities SOURCE FILTER exhalatory air primary voice signal final voice signal n Frequency (pitch) n Primary intensity (loudness) n Duration of phonation n Primary voice quality (breathiness, hoarseness,…) n Vowels + consonants n Final intensity (loudness) n Secondary voice quality (resonance, singer’s formant…)
SOURCE FILTER THEORY VOWELS FORMANTS
1 st and 2 nd formants in vowels
Vocal cords / folds
Demonstration of laryngeal videos Phonation and Inspiration Recording made by the National Center for Voice and Speech, Denver, CO, USA
Pitch control Cricothyroid muscle (CT) Thyroid cartillage Cricoid cartillage Arytenoid cartillages From Svec (1996)
Mechanism of vocal fold vibration From Svec (2000)
Vocal fold visualization: stroboscopy Kay Elemetrics Demo examples on Stroboscope
Design strategies voice producing element Electronically Mechanically: Flexible airway reduction in present shunt valves Three possible strategies
Lip principle
Verification with prototypes PolyUrethane Titanium
Lung model
Clinical study
Membrane principle PU, Ti, Lead + gold
Membrane principle
Eureka project Newvoice
Workshop Inleiding over stem en spraak Samenstellen klinkerdriehoek Simulatiemodel aanzetstuk Eisen aan de prothese Potentiële geluidsbronnen genereren Testen van potentiële geluidsbronnen Hoe dit onderwerp in het onderwijs in te bouwen
VOCAL TRACT SHAPE Dedouch, Svec, Horacek, Krsek, Havlik & Vokral (2003)
Requirements Geometry: in shunt valve Sound –fundamental frequency:110 Hz ♂, 210 Hz ♀ –SPL: 65 dB - 80 dB at 30 cm –Frequency-variation: +18%, -6% Energy source: kPa, ml/s Power spectrum: decay of dB/octave Independent from subglottal and vocal tract High reliability
BMT-onderwijs: de kunst van het beter maken
International Biomedical Engineering