1 The Legal Concepts and the Layman’s Terms Bridging the Gap through Ontology-Based Reasoning about Liability Ronny van Laarschot, Wouter van Steenbergen,

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1 1 The Legal Concepts and the Layman’s Terms Bridging the Gap through Ontology-Based Reasoning about Liability Ronny van Laarschot, Wouter van Steenbergen, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Arno R. Lodder & Frank van Harmelen Arno R. Lodder CEDIRE – Centre for Electronic Dispute Resolution lodder@cedire.org Computer/Law Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam lodder@cli.vu

2 http://best-project.nl zBEST (2005-2008) - Using Semantic Web technology to develop a system that helps litigants in determining BATNAs in damages disputes zAI Department & Computer/Law Institute xArno Lodder/Frank van Harmelen xPostdoc – Michel Klein xPh.D student – Wouter van Steenbergen xMsc. Student – Emiel Bruijntjes xScientific Programmer (2007-2008) xFormer members: Heiner Stuckenschmidt. Ronny van Laarschot

3 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels3 Background BEST zFrank van Harmelen: Semantic Web zArno Lodder: Electronic Dispute resolution z1. Intelligent disclosure of case-law using Semantic Web technology (ontology-based search and navigation) z2. Help laymen in determing their position (BATNA)

4 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels4 Domain scope zLiability cases zTort/cases – norms regarding standards of care zFirst filter: structure of code

5 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels5 Challenge zHow to bridge the gap: yLegal terms yLaymen terms zAnnotate the case law corpus with legal terms zFocus on relations between actors and objects zMap legal ontology and laymen ontology

6 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels6 Artikel 7:658 BW (aansprakelijkheid voor ongeval op werkplek) Aansprakelijkheid, werkgever, arbeidsongevallen, maatregelen, voorkoming, werknemer, bedrijf, arbeid, werkzaamheden, werkomgeving, veilig, werkplek, veiligheidsmaatregelen, zorgverplichting, werkneemster, arbeidsongeschikt, werkomstandigheden, lokalen, werktuigen, gereedschappen, beroepsziekten, arbeidsovereenkomst, vrijwilliger, vrijwilligerswerk, werkverhouding, opzet, roekeloosheid, werkdruk, baas, directeur zManually created list of relevant terms zAutomatically generated weighted index Fingerprint

7 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels7 Search results

8 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels8 Preliminary result zOntology helped to discover potential liable persons

9 December 9, 2005JURIX, Brussels9 Future challenges zHow to structure the legal domain yWhat concepts yHow to link the concepts to laymen language zHow to present the results