10 th APP Symposium, Sterrenkundig Instituut “Anton Pannekoek”, Amsterdam, 5 March 2008 Gerard van der Steenhoven (Nikhef/RuG) ‘Commissie voor de Astrodeeltjesfysica in Nederland - CAN’ The emergence of APP research in EU & NL

H-F Wagner (BMBF) in 2003: An example: Germany Wir wollen Durch- brüche in der For- schung erreichen. Etwa so:

H-F Wagner (BMBF) in 2003: An example: Germany Wir streben ganz große Ziele an. Etwa solche:

H-F Wagner (BMBF) in 2003: An example: Germany Komitee für die Astro- teilchenphysik in Deutschland wäre wünschenswert: o Strategie o Ausschreibung o PR machen

H-F Wagner (BMBF) in 2003: An example: Germany

Italy: – 1987: Opening Gran Sasso Undergr. Lab. INFN – committee II (for APP) – 1995: Start construction Virgo GW Interf. Elsewhere in Europe… Gran Sasso Virgo

France: Survey on emergence of APP Elsewhere in Europe… HEP NP APP What was the research field of your PhD?

France: Survey on emergence of APP Elsewhere in Europe… APP > When did you start to work in Astroparticle Physics ?

The emergence of APP in EU – Bernard Revaz (Univ. of Geneva): A new discipline?  Molecular biology (from chemistry & biology)  Nanoscience (from physics & chemistry)  APP (from physics and astronomy) ??? Perspective from history of science Case study: AMS satellite mission Aspera Historical Study

Bernard Revaz, Jan. ’08, Madrid

90’s: Bram Achterberg publ : Mini-Grail in Leiden 2001: NWO grant Antares 2003: LOFAR approved VICI Ana Achucarro VICI Ralph Wijers Int. Summer School (Piet Mulders et al) Back in Holland…

Astro Particle Physics Symposium Monday 26 April 2004, NIKHEF (Amsterdam), Turingzaal (Z011) Organizing committee Adriaan van den Berg Karel Gaemers Bob Hertzberger Jan Kuijpers Frank Linde Gerard van der Steenhoven

2004: Committee for APP in NL – CAN 2005: Strategic Plan for APP in NL 2006: SmartMix… : Success! … and the rest is history

Approved funding  for Antares & Auger 3.1 M€ In addition FOM projectruimte Auger Radio (0.3 M€) NOVA investments Lofar CRs (0.5 M€) Auger Radio (0.1 M€) CTA ‘seed’ (0.05 M€) FP7 support (EU) KM3NeT-pp (0.45 M€) ET design (0.25 M€)

Nikhef Strategy ’08 – ’15

KM3NeT proposals 8.8 M€ KM3NeT design study: ’06 –’ 09 & 0.63 M€ KM3NeT prep. study ’08 –’ 10 & 0.45 M€

Aspera

Astroparticle Physics for Europe > ASPERA is a European network of national government agencies responsible for coordinating and funding research in astroparticle physics. > ASPERA is funded by the European Commission at the level of 2.5 Million € over a three years period. It started in July > ASPERA arises from the existence of ApPEC (Astroparticle Physics European Coordination). > What is ASPERA ? AStroparticle Physics European Coordination ERAnet 12 countries + CERN + Romania + Poland

Astroparticle Physics for Europe  Compare funding systems for APP in Europe  Roadmap on infrastructures and R&D.  Identify formal and legal barriers to international APP projects  Explore further linking of existing astroparticle infrastructures  Launch common actions such as common call for R&D projects  Develop procedures for common funding of large infrastructures  Install a common information and outreach system. > ASPERA objectives AStroparticle Physics European Coordination ERAnet 4/20  IN2P3 / Olivier Blaise

Astroparticle Physics for Europe Colorado “ Standard” 3,100 km 2 10,000k m 2 15,000km 2 AUGER NORTH 1 ton Dark Matter 1 ton Double Beta Decay detector Megatonne detector (p decay and SN- ’s) Underground GW antenna CTA > The 7 leading APP projects KM3NeT

Astroparticle Physics for Europe > Preparing Collaboration forms But also: EU involvement outside Europe (Auger) Multinational infrastructure (VIRGO, MAGIC, ANTARES,…) National lab (Gran Sasso) hosting European experiments

Astroparticle Physics for Europe Newsletter: every month Press releases Exhibition available Database of projects Outreach: > ASPERA communication tools

Astroparticle Physics for Europe > Further activities  ESA  July ’08, Nikhef, Amsterdam – R&D projects for APP & EU industry  Oct. ’08, Brussels, Belgium – 3 rd Roadmap workshop: final priorities  Other items: – Include computing & theory in roadmap – Coordination with ASTRONET – The role of CERN – Coordination with Space Programs – Include Dark Energy projects in roadmap

Astroparticle Physics for Europe > After Aspera…  ERA-NET+: – Successor Aspera  Joint Programming – Substantial (~10 M€) EU support in investment  Common call: – Joint projects through virtual common pot – Develop common evaluation procedures  Global coordination: – Involve DoE, NSF, China, Japan, India – 2009: workshop on global coordination

APP in the Netherlands: – Update Strategic Plan – Maintain high profile: Proposals, Appointments,.. – Data analysis has begun Lofar, Auger, Antares, Virgo,.. Europe: – HeapNet: multimessenger… Perspectives

Astroparticle Physics in NL 10 th APP symposium: congratulations *Proposed contribution

Spares

Setting up a new field Excellent science case Scientific community Coherent plan Political support (boards: necessity) Funding  Excellent science case ’05-’06  Scientific community  Coherent plan  Political support (boards: necessity) Funding 2007

MEMO Aan: Leden van de Raad van Bestuur van de Stichting FOM Van: zie lijst van ondertekenaars1 Datum: 28 april 2004 Betreft: Astrodeeltjesfysica in Nederland CC: Stichting ASTRON, Gebiedsbestuur E van NWO Samenvatting: Op 26 april 2004 is er een symposium georganiseerd in Amsterdam over een zich snel ontwikkelend gebied op het grensvlak van de natuurkunde en de sterrenkunde: astrodeeltjesfysica. Nu gebleken is dat meer dan 95% van de kosmos niet bestaat uit gewone materie en de grenzen van het Standaard Model van deeltjes en velden in zicht komen, wordt het steeds duidelijker dat er zeer belangrijke doorbraken in dit nieuwe interdisciplinaire gebied verwacht mogen worden. Tijdens het symposium hebben astrofysici, deeltjesfysici en kernfysici vastgesteld dat er unieke mogelijkheden bestaan voor bijdragen van de Nederlandse fysica aan dit nieuwe interdisciplinaire vakgebied door deel te nemen aan de projecten KM3NeT en LOFAR. Om deze plannen te realiseren moet er nu een aantal stappen worden gezet door de Stichting FOM, die wij voorleggen aan de Raad van Bestuur van FOM: (i) in de definitieve versie van het Strategisch Plan van FOM/GBN 2004 – 2010 moet het grote belang van de astrodeeltjesfysica als nieuw interdisciplinair vakgebied onderkend worden; (ii) er moet gezocht worden naar wegen om financiële ruimte te creëren om dit nieuwe vakgebied op de grens van de sterrenkunde en de natuurkunde van de grond te krijgen; (iii) er moet een commissie ingesteld worden van astronomen, deeltjesfysici en kernfysici om een uitgewerkt plan op te stellen voor de vorming van dit nieuwe vakgebied binnen NWO.

Astroparticle Physics for Europe KM3CTA AUGER North ET1 ton DM 1 ton NM Megaton scale NNN Common with Astrophysics ASTRONET Common with ParticlePhysics CERN SG

Complementarity of , , p VHE gammas } } } Neutrinos UHE protons

APP at NIKHEF: outlook Antares: operations – FOM Auger: operations – FOM radio R&D – NWO KM3NeT: design R&D – FP6 prep. phase R&D – FP7 construction – NWO operations – FOM (?) Virgo: FOM program (?) ET design – FP – 2008 – 2009 – 2010 – 2011 – 2012 – 2013 – submitted proposal financially securedfuture proposal one proposal!

Proposals & Plans Antares & Auger programme – “Origin of cosmic rays” (3.1 M€) – PI: G. van der Steenhoven (NIKHEF/RuG) KM3NeT investment project – “The next generation -telescope” (6.9 M€) – PI: M. de Jong (NIKHEF/LU) Full VIRGO membership – PI: J.F.J. van den Brand (VU/NIKHEF) – Hardware contribution: input-mode cleaner – Common-fund contribution (100 k€ )

LOFAR: pulsar AUGER: radio signals ANTARES:  - spectra KM3NeT: proposals VIRGO: science run LISA:  Beyond Einstein APP highlights ANTARES LOFAR

Status Sept. 07 Neutrinos: – Antares: 1 st -events – KM3NeT: EU design study Radio & CRs: – Auger: data taking – Lofar: commissioning Gravitation: – Virgo: 1 st science run – Lisa: simulations

New funding proposals 3.1 M€ 1.3 M€ 8.8 M€

APP Funding in NL Personnel: 35 FTE (’05)  60 FTE (’07) Budget: 3.2 M€ (‘05)  6.1 M€ (‘07)