Ghent University– UGent Ontwikkelingen in de installatietechniek voor nZEB-gebouwen M. De Paepe Onderzoeksgroep Technische Thermodynamica en Warmteoverdracht Department of Flow, Heat and Combustion Mechanics – www.FloHeaCom.UGent.be Ghent University– UGent

Europese doelstellingen In 2002,  Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), which set minimum efficiency standards for both residential and commercial buildings. 17 November 2009 : EPBD recast “ ... all new buildings would have to comply with tough energy-performance standards and supply a significant share of their energy requirements from renewables source after 2020.” …. Goedkeuring in het EP: 18 May 2010 ” …nearly zero - energy buildings “

Near Zero energy Buildings 2015 : alle nieuwbouw in Brussel passief ; 2020 bijna nul energie 2017 : alle nieuwbouwwoningen in Wallonië “bijna nul energie” woningen 2020 : alle nieuwbouwwoningen in Vlaanderen “bijna nul energie” woningen Ook bestaande woningen zullen aan een aantal voorwaarden moeten voldoen

Definitie International Energy Agency, Annex 40 : Towards N-ZEB : Vijf randvoorwaarden voor de definitie : (1) boundary conditions (2) weighting system. (3) the net zero balance (4) the temporal energy match (5) the monitoring procedure and post occupancy protocol.

Break down of energy use in EU

Doel van een gebouw Comfort en productiviteit/fun Energy nodig voor : Verwarming en koeling Ventilatie (elektriciteit) Sanitair warm water Verlichting (elektriciteit) Toestellen : kantoor, huishouden , fun

EPBD recast, energy performance is defined as (article 2): ‘energy performance of a building’ means the calculated or measured amount of energy needed to meet the energy demand associated with a typical use of the building, which includes, inter alia, energy used for heating, cooling, ventilation, hot water and lighting

EPBD recast definition for nearly zero-energy ‘nearly zero-energy building’ means a building that has a very high energy performance, as determined in accordance with Annex I. The nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should be covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources, including energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby numerical indicator of primary energy use expressed in kWh/m2 per year.

REHVA TF nZEB taskforce net zero energy building (ZEB) Energy use of ≤ 0 kWh/(m2 a) primary energy. nearly zero energy building (nZEB) Technically and nationally reasonable achievable energy use of > 0 kWh/(m2 a) primary energy, achieved with a combination of best practice energy efficiency measures and renewable energy technologies which may or may not be cost optimal.

ZEB – Energy Balance

Trias Energetica

Vermindering van de vraag Doorgedreven isolatie Muren, daken, Ramen Doorgedreven luchtdichting Ventilatie met warmterecuperatie Daglichtsturing ,… Interne lasten verder reduceren Zonnewering, …

Zomer comfort : gevaar voor oververhitting : aarde-warmtewisselaars

Energie levering - Technieken

De warmtepomp

Warmtepompen en PV-panelen Elektriciteit is de enige energievector

Technologische variaties Verwarmen & koelen BEO-veld : boorgat energie opslag Energiepalen Ground

Energierecuperatie op ventilatie

The Energy Box