EVOLUTION IN PAPILIO BUTTERFLIES Linkage disequilibrium Haplotypefrequentie A1B1 p1q1 + D A1B2 p1q2 - D A2B1 p2q1 - D A2B2 p2q2 + D.

Presentatie over: "EVOLUTION IN PAPILIO BUTTERFLIES Linkage disequilibrium Haplotypefrequentie A1B1 p1q1 + D A1B2 p1q2 - D A2B1 p2q1 - D A2B2 p2q2 + D."— Transcript van de presentatie:

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3 EVOLUTION IN PAPILIO BUTTERFLIES

4 Linkage disequilibrium Haplotypefrequentie A1B1 p1q1 + D A1B2 p1q2 - D A2B1 p2q1 - D A2B2 p2q2 + D

5 AB/AB0.24 AB/Ab0.07 ab/ab0.18 aB/ab0.07 AB/aB0.07 AB/ab0.37 Wat is linkage disequilibrium? Stap 1 Wat zijn de allelfrequenties? A: p1 = (2 x 0.24 + 2 x 0.07 + 0.07 + 0.37) / 2 = 0.53 B: q1 = (2 x 0.24 + 0.07 + 0.07 + 2 x 0.07 + 0.37) / 2 = 0.565 Stap 2 Wat is de haplotype frequentie? AB: pAB = (2 x 0.24 + 0.07 + 0.07 + 0.37) / 2 = 0.495

6 p10.53 q10.565 pAB0.495 pAB = p1q1 + D 0.495 = 0.53 x 0.565 + D D = 0.1955

7 Hoe dynamisch is linkage disequilibrium? Afname LD door recombinatie D’ = (1-r)D Handhaving LD door: 1.Transient dynamics 2.Selectie (multiplicatief, additief, epistatisch) 3.Drift 4.Assortatieve paring, inteelt Hitchhiking

8 A1A1A1A1 A1A1A1A1 B1B1B1B1 B2B2B2B2 C2C2C2C2 C2C2C2C2 D2D2D2D2 D1D1D1D1 Haplotypen: A 1 B 1 C 2 D 2 A 1 B 2 C 2 D 1 Na recombinatie: A 1 B 1 C 2 D 1 A 1 B 2 C 2 D 2 erbij

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10 EVOLUTION OF PIN AND THRUM FLOWERS AT LEAST THREE LOCI AT LEAST THREE LOCI STRONG LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM STRONG LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM